Polymer Fundamental

  Introduction         —   Biggest sector in world in dollar values —   Oil and Gas   Sector has three Sectors       ◦        UpStream ◦        MidStream ◦        Down Stream What is Upstream —   Upstream is E&P (exploration and Production). This involves the search for underwater and underground natural gas fields or crude oil fields and the drilling of exploration wells and drilling into established wells to recover oil and gas. What is Mid Stream —   Midstream entails the transportation, storage, and processing of oil and gas. Once resources are recovered, it has to be transported to a refinery, which is often in a completely different geographic region compared to the oil and gas reserves.  Transportation can include anything from tanker ships to pipelines and trucking fleet...

Use of plastic in Agriculture                       Now day’s plastic is used in many application. Now days metal is replaced by plastic in                         automobile industry.  Below are applications of plastic in agriculture business. Very few                         applications are listed below; there is more application than listed below.  Want to Know more about Plastic, Click here Irrigation pipes HDPE and PVC are mainly used in piping. Dripping   pipe   used in farming is made up of HDPE. Dripping system is also manufactured from HDPE. PVC pipe is used from water. In the residential and commercial domain, PVC pipes are used in  plumbing, drainage, ， agricultural irrigation, electricity & telecommunicatio...

   Medical Application of Polylactic Acid Introduction :- Polylactide also know as Poly lactic acid is Polyester. Chemical formula for PLA is (C 3 H 4 O 2 ) n   or     [-C(CH 3 )HC(=O)O–] n It is synthesized from lactic acid (LA; 2-hydroxypropanoic acid), which a water-soluble monomer. Main property of PLA is its degradation by micro-organism, which make its more special. The use of such biodegradable plastic reduces the environmental impact related to the accumulation of non-biodegradable plastic wastes that are generated from its day-to-day use. PLA has an extensive mechanical property profile and is thermoplastic with high biocompatibility and biodegradability. PLA was discovered in the 1920s by Wallace Corothers  the scientist who invented nylon, but it never had been successfully commercialized on a large scale.  click here to Know more about Biodegradable Plastic Application of Polytlactic acid These are mostly used in food pack...

  Advantages and Disadvantages of Bioplastic   Introduction Bio plastic industry is growing very fast, it is estimated that it by 2024 it production will grow from 1.5 million tons to 2..4 Million ton. Demand in bioplastic is growing. Despite the demand its use in 1% as compared to crude based plastic. BioPlastic specialty Bioplastics are generally. 1.        These are plant based   and organic 2.        Compostable, Biodegradable 3.        Recycling is easy. 4.        Can make allied product with Crude oil based platic. Compatible with oil based plastic. click here to know more about Bioplastic Advantages of Bio-Plastic 1.     Use of crude oil plastic will be reduced so that micro plastic formation will reduce which was causing harm to environment. 2.       Bioplastic have same property as synthetic plast...

  Introduction There is always confusion among most of the people about bioplastic and biodegradable plastic. Most of the people make mistake by considering bioplastic are same as biodegradable plastic. The bio based plastics are plastics made from biomass, generally related to the use of plants as feedstock. Given their natural origin, one could erroneously assume that these plastics are also biodegradable . However, biodegradability depends on the properties of the plastic at hand, including chemical structure and crystallinity. Polymers are derived from bio-based monomers that subsequently undergo chemical reactions to become bio-based polymers. For Example 1.        The bio polyesters PLA and PEF, 2.         Sugarcane-based bio polyethylene, 3.         Nylon 4/10 and 11, which are derived from castor oil. Bio Based polymers are naturally occurring polymers such as Cellulose...

  Biodegradable Plastic Introduction P lastic is known from long time. In 19 th century Europe and America has invented synthetic plastic. During World War II, Nylon played major role. Since then invention in plastic has done in various part of world. Consumption of plastic during World War II was 1.7 kg per person; in 2007 it was almost 100 Kg per person. Now it is reached to 150 Kg per person. Plastic has several benefits over metal and paper. Their low energy requirement in production, corrosion resistance, and light weight, durable make them unique. In food packaging, it increases food shelve life without using preservative. Today, synthetic plastic faces problem due to health issues. To run the multibillion dollar business industry is looking for new product called biodegradable plastic. Biodegradable plastics are  plastics  that can be decomposed by the action of living organisms, usually microbes, into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass .  Bio d...