Polymer Fundamental

Injection moulding is a manufacturing process used to produce parts by injecting molten material into a mould. It is widely used for the mass production of plastic parts, and India has become a significant player in this field due to its growing manufacturing sector. This essay explores the current practices in injection moulding in India, covering various aspects such as industry overview, technological advancements, materials used, and challenges faced by the industry.   Industry Overview   India's injection moulding industry has experienced substantial growth over the past few decades. The increasing demand for plastic products across various sectors such as automotive, electronics, healthcare, packaging, and consumer goods has fuelled this growth. The industry's expansion is also supported by favourable government policies, foreign direct investments, and the rise of domestic manufacturers.   The Indian injection moulding market is characterized by a mi...

 Use of Plastic in Agriculture in India I was request from many visitors to give detail of plastic in agriculture. So, I thought it would be good to write which will help Indian former to understand the use of plastic. Below is little help that will give some help to understand the use of plastic and its benefits. Plastic has become an integral part of modern agriculture, transforming traditional practices and offering numerous benefits that contribute to increased productivity and efficiency. In India, where agriculture forms a significant part of the economy and provides livelihood to a large segment of the population, the use of plastic in agriculture has gained substantial traction. This note delves into the various aspects of plastic usage in Indian agriculture, highlighting its applications, benefits, challenges, and sustainable practices.  Applications of Plastic in Indian Agriculture 1. **Mulching** : Plastic mulching involves covering the soil with plastic films to...

  Introduction There is always confusion among most of the people about bioplastic and biodegradable plastic. Most of the people make mistake by considering bioplastic are same as biodegradable plastic. The bio based plastics are plastics made from biomass, generally related to the use of plants as feedstock. Given their natural origin, one could erroneously assume that these plastics are also biodegradable . However, biodegradability depends on the properties of the plastic at hand, including chemical structure and crystallinity. Polymers are derived from bio-based monomers that subsequently undergo chemical reactions to become bio-based polymers. For Example 1.        The bio polyesters PLA and PEF, 2.         Sugarcane-based bio polyethylene, 3.         Nylon 4/10 and 11, which are derived from castor oil. Bio Based polymers are naturally occurring polymers such as Cellulose...

                              Polymeric Chemical Reaction Polymer can be further classified by the type of chemical reactions which the monomers undergo in producing molecular weight compounds. 1.        Poly condensation reaction –Monomers react by repeated splitting off H2O, NH3, CH2O, NaCl, or other small molecules on a step by step reaction to build of the molecular size. 2.        Addition reaction – occurs among molecules containing double or triple bonds or with oxo-ring compounds. No small molecules are liberated and reaction is the rapid chain type. A.       Poly condensations Reactions. a.        Representative groups                         ...

Polymers are difficult to classify because there are so many interacting relationship among the large number of polymeric materials now in existence. Four most methods of classifications are 1.        Physico chemical structure 2.        Mode reparation 3.        Physical properties 4.        Technical applications   A.       Physico Chemical structure                 Functionality: - The ultimate result of coupling monomers to produce polymers is wholly dependent on the functionality of monomer. Molecule is called Mono-, bi-,tri-, or polyfunctional depending on the number of reactive bonds or groups available for coupling at beginning or during course of polymeric reaction. 1.        Unifunctional   (U-), Exampl...